What is an essential purpose of the Merchant Mariner Act of 1920?

The Merchant Mariner Act of 1920, often referred to as the Jones Act, was primarily established to promote and protect the U.S. maritime industry. It does this by mandating that goods transported by water between U.S. ports must be carried on ships that are U.S.-built, U.S.-owned, and U.S.-crewed. This legislation was aimed at fostering a robust domestic shipping industry, ensuring that American vessels could effectively carry cargo within the country, thus maintaining economic independence and enhancing national security.

By prioritizing domestic shipping, the act helps to sustain shipbuilding and maritime jobs in the U.S., which is critical for the health of the maritime economy. It ensures that the U.S. has a capable and ready shipping fleet to support both commercial and military operations, especially in times of conflict or emergency.